Iranian architecture or Persian architecture is the architecture of Iran and part of the rest of Western Asia, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Its history dates back to at least 5000 BC with characteristic examples spread over a large area from Turkey and Iraq to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan and from the Caucasus to Zanzibar. Persian buildings range from peasant huts to tea houses and gardens, pavilions to “some of the most majestic structures the world has ever seen”. In addition to historic gates, palaces and mosques, the rapid growth of cities like the capital Tehran (the architecture of Tehran) has caused a wave of demolitions and new construction.Iranian architecture displays a great variety, both structural and aesthetic, from a variety of traditions and experiences. Without sudden innovations, and despite the repeated trauma of invasions and cultural shocks, it has achieved “an individuality distinct from that of other Muslim countries”. His supreme virtues are: “a marked sensitivity to form and proportions, structural inventiveness, especially in the construction of vaults and domes, a genius of decoration with a freedom and success that are unmatched in any other architecture Traditionally, the guiding formative motif of Iranian architecture has been its cosmic symbolism “with which man is brought into communication and participation with the powers of heaven”. This theme has not only given unity and continuity to the architecture of Persia, but has also been a primary source of its emotional character.According to the Persian historian and archaeologist Arthur Pope, the supreme Iranian art, in the true meaning of the word, has always been its architecture. The supremacy of architecture applies to both pre- and post-Islamic periods. Fundamental Principles: Traditional Persian architecture has maintained a continuity which, although temporarily distracted by internal political conflicts or foreign invasions, has nonetheless achieved an unmistakable style. architecture, “there are no banal buildings, even the garden pavilions have nobility and dignity, and the humblest caravanserai in general has charm.” In expressiveness and communicativeness, most Persian buildings are lucid – even eloquent. the immediacy, while the ornament and, often, the subtle proportions reward sustained observation. “