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The capital city of Iran located in the northern section of the country, at 1173 m asl, on a plateau on the southern slope of the Elburz chain, which separates it from the coast of the Caspian Sea. It is located in a steppe oasis, devoid of natural resources, made fertile through the construction of a series of canals that carry the spring waters from the Elburz Mountains, tent, thus, crops (cereals, fruit trees, date palms, vegetables) , mainly intended for the urban market. The climate has continental characteristics.
The development of Tehran, a modest village in the 12th century. Most of the country’s services and production activities are concentrated in Tehran. The city arose, probably in the 12th century on the silk road from Baghdad to Khorasan: a position – at the intersection of the roads leading to the Mediterranean, the Caspian, the Persian Gulf and India – which clarifies the strategic and commercial role of Tehran . In the middle of the 16th century it was equipped with walls and became the regional capital. At the end of the 18th century it was proclaimed the capital of Persia.<\/p>\n
In the mid-nineteenth century, while in the south the character of the ancient core persisted, with its bazaar, the walls were demolished and the city equipped with large administrative buildings, built in the north, such as the Royal Palace of Gulestan (“rose garden”), with the ‘throne of the peacock’, a goldsmith’s masterpiece used by the shahs, and the Royal Mosque.<\/p>\n
Its position was considered so important that during the First World War the city was occupied, as a precaution, by the Russians, and in the Second by the Soviets and the British together. It should be noted that in both cases the country remained neutral.<\/p>\n
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