It is located at an altitude of 1800 metres and is considered the oldest city in Iran. The ancient Ecbatana, the summer capital of the kings of Persia, was located here, and Alexander the Great also passed through.
Hamadan is a city that has existed since at least the second millennium BC. The ancient capital was once called Ecbatana.
Hamadan is home to many historical sites and is a must-see for those who want to discover the west of the country.
The rock inscription of Ganjnameh, engraved on the side of Mount Alvand outside the city, bears witness to its ancient origins as the ruins of Ecbatana.
The tomb of Esther and Mordechai testifies to the history of the Jews in Iran, going back to the earliest times. Finally, the tomb of Avicenna is a tribute to this medieval scholar who knew philosophy and astronomy and whose treatise on medicine was used in Europe until the 17th century.
Hamadan is mentioned in the Bible (Ezra 6: 1-3) and there is a Jewish tradition in the city. However, Esther’s reputed tomb there is actually that of Queen Shushandukt or Suzan, the wife of King Sāsānian Yazdegerd I (died 420 AD) This and the famous tomb of Mordechai, Esther’s uncle, are both places of pilgrimage.
The city was conquered by the Arabs in 641 or 642 and remained the provincial capital for several centuries. During this period, the city was home to some of the great thinkers and artists of the Islamic period. The poet and anthologist Abū Tammām composed his Ḥamāsah there in the early 10th century. The famous writer al-Hamadhānī was born there a generation later, as was the great Persian-language poet Bābā Ṭāhir, whose mausoleum is in the city.
GONBAD-E ALAVIAN
GANJNAMEH
HAMADAN LANDSCAPE
KHANQAH MOSQUE
LION ELEFANT ROCK
PORTRAIT OF AVICENNA
CERAMICS FROM LALEJIN
ESTHER'S TOMB
ATTRACTIONS
Ganjnameh:
The Ganjnameh are a set of cuneiform characters written in three languages (ancient Persian, Elamite and Babylonian), set in a rocky wall on Mount Alvand, about 5 kilometers from today’s Hamadan. They were first studied in detail by the French painter and archaeologist Eugene Flandin, who was accompanied by Pascal Coste. Following their work, Sir Henry Rawlinson, a British explorer, used the inscriptions as a kind of Rosetta stone to describe the cuneiform characters of the time. The inscriptions have been shown to belong to the age of Darius I (521-485 BC) and Xerxes I (485-65 BC), refuting earlier myths that the inscriptions described the location of the buried treasure – hence the name Ganjnameh, or ‘epistle of the treasure’. The inscription on the right, belonging to Xerxes I, reads: “The great God [is] Ahuramazda, the greatest of all gods, who created the earth and the sky and the people; who made Xerxes king, and exceptional king as an exceptional ruler among innumerable rulers; I [am] the great king Xerxes, king of kings, king of lands with numerous inhabitants, king of this vast kingdom with distant territories, son of the Achaemenid monarch Darius “.
Mausoleum of Avicenna:
Avicenna (Ebne Sina) was the great philosopher, scholar, physician of Iran (370-428 AH). His tomb is located in Bu Ali Sq. Itto.org Hamadan. undefined The current structure was built in the years 1946-1951 and has since been repaired and renovated three times. Located in an area of 3,090 square meters. the area under foundation is 1,792 square meters copyright itto.org m. The facade of the tomb is of hard stone. Three wide steps lead to the portico where there are ten stone columns. itto.org Each of these columns represents a century from the birth of this great man until today. The large wooden doors of the porch open to reveal the interior with its stone walls and floors.
Tomb of Esther and Mordekhai:
According to the biblical book that bears her name, Esther was a beautiful young Jewish woman who attracted the attention of the Persian king Ahasuerus, became queen and, with the assistance of her cousin Mordecai, saved the Jews from annihilation throughout the country. Persian empire. Every year, on Purim, Jews around the world celebrate this miraculous salvation by reading the Book of Esther, dressing up in costumes and eating delicacies.
Historic Qorban Tower:
one of the unknown attractions is the Qorban Tower in the Zandi district near the Ebn-e Sina High School. It is a 12 brick side tower with a pyramidal dome with 12 brick pieces. This monument is the tomb of Sheikh al-Islam Hasan Abu al-A’lā Hamadāni and a number of Seljuk commanders. The closest tourist attractions to the tower are Hamadān Stone Lion and the Angels church.
Alavian Dome:
The square building of the Gonbad-e Alavian dates back to the Seljuk period. It was originally built as a mosque by the Alavian family, complete with minarets and a green dome, although it was later transformed into a family mausoleum by adding a crypt to it. The interior decoration includes exquisite carved stuccoes and brick panels, which architectural historian Arthur Upham Pope describes as “a journey into the power of the deep imagination”. The exterior decoration features inscriptions in Kufic script which were added in the Illkhanid period. In later times it was transformed into a tomb for the Alavian family by creating a cellar in the basement. This monument is one of the architectural and molding masterpieces after Islam in Hamadān.
Shir sanghi:
The Hamadān stone lion is a historical monument in Hamadān, Iran. The stone lion, part of the “Lion’s Gate”, is located on a hill where it is said that there was a Parthian cemetery. When it was first built, this statue had a twin counterpart for which both formed the old city gate. During the Islamic conquest of Persia, the victorious Arabs referred to the gate as bâb ul-asad (“the gate of the lions”).
The date of the statue remains ambiguous. While some accounts denote the statue to the first Iranian dynasty, the Medes (728-550 BC) and some to the Parthian dynasty (248 BC-224 AD), as it was found on a mound that was a Parthian cemetery. Others believe it was commissioned by Alexander II to commemorate his male lover and companion, Hephaestion. The gates were demolished in 931 AD. when the Deylamids took control of the city. The closest tourist attraction to Shir Sangi is the ancient city of Ecbatana.
Hamam-e Qal’eh:
Hamedan has many historical and natural attractions. One of the most interesting and fascinating places in the city is the Hamam-e Qal’eh or the Museum of Anthropology. Hamam-e Qal’eh is one of the historic baths in Hamedan province with Iranian-i architecture
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