The capital city of Iran located in the northern section of the country, at 1173 m asl, on a plateau on the southern slope of the Elburz chain, which separates it from the coast of the Caspian Sea. It is located in a steppe oasis, devoid of natural resources, made fertile through the construction of a series of canals that carry the spring waters from the Elburz Mountains, tent, thus, crops (cereals, fruit trees, date palms, vegetables) , mainly intended for the urban market. The climate has continental characteristics.
The development of Tehran, a modest village in the 12th century. Most of the country’s services and production activities are concentrated in Tehran. The city arose, probably in the 12th century on the silk road from Baghdad to Khorasan: a position – at the intersection of the roads leading to the Mediterranean, the Caspian, the Persian Gulf and India – which clarifies the strategic and commercial role of Tehran . In the middle of the 16th century it was equipped with walls and became the regional capital. At the end of the 18th century it was proclaimed the capital of Persia.

In the mid-nineteenth century, while in the south the character of the ancient core persisted, with its bazaar, the walls were demolished and the city equipped with large administrative buildings, built in the north, such as the Royal Palace of Gulestan (“rose garden”), with the ‘throne of the peacock’, a goldsmith’s masterpiece used by the shahs, and the Royal Mosque.

Its position was considered so important that during the First World War the city was occupied, as a precaution, by the Russians, and in the Second by the Soviets and the British together. It should be noted that in both cases the country remained neutral.

ATTRACTIONS

Carpet Museum of Iran,

The carpet museum is located next to the Lateh park. It was founded in 1976 and exhibits a number of Persian carpets from all over the country, from the sixteenth century to the present.

 

Golestan Palace,
Golestan Palace was the residence of the Qajar royal dynasty and is the oldest building in the city, located in the walled citadel called Arg. The palace is certainly one of the most interesting attractions in Tehran and offers an overview of the prosperity of the Iranian nineteenth century, a period that also saw Western influences in art, as can be seen in the decorative motifs of the palace.

 

Tehran Bazaar,
The Grand Bazaar of Tehran is the historic bazaar of the city. It covers an area of ​​10 kilometers in length, divided into different sectors each specialized in the sale of a different type of product. It also contains mosques and banks.

 

National Museum of Iran,
The National Museum of Iran consists of two sections, the Museum of Ancient Iran and the Museum of the (post) Islamic era. It also includes several research centers. In the museum you can also see some objects from the ancient city of Persepolis, located a short distance from the current city of Shiraz.

 

National jewelry museum,
The jewelry museum is located inside the Central Bank of Tehran. It is an unmissable stop during a visit to the city as it houses one of the most important jewelry collections in the world. Much of the jewelry dates back to the Safavid era, sacked by the Afghans during their invasion in 1719 and then brought back to their homeland by the Shah Nadir Afshar in 1729 along with other war spoils.

Sa’dabad museum complex,
The Sa’dabad complex is located in the Shemiran district in the north of Tehran and covers 300 hectares. The complex has eight entrances and houses twenty palaces, each used for a different purpose and used by different members of the Pahlavi royal family. It also houses the Museum of Fine Arts and the Museum of Royal Weapons.

 

Azadi Tower,
The Azadi Tower, or Freedom Tower, is one of the symbols of the city of Tehran and indicates its entrance. It was designed in 1971 by the architect Hossein Amanat on the occasion of the 2500th anniversary of the foundation of the Achaemenid empire. The tower is in white marble from the Isfahan area.

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